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More than 400 cases of cyclosporiasis have been reported across 18 states this summer, according to surveillance data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Cyclosporiasis is a gastrointestinal illness caused by the microscopic parasite Cyclospora, which can spread through food or water contaminated with feces.
As of mid-June, the CDC had recorded 145 domestically acquired cases across 17 states, including 20 hospitalizations and no deaths. Michigan later reported several hundred additional cases. The CDC has described the reports as surveillance data that include several clusters under traceback investigation, rather than as a single, linked multistate outbreak. Among confirmed cases, the median age was 42, and about 61 percent of patients were female.
Cyclosporiasis can be difficult to identify and trace. In the United States, cases are seasonal and typically increase from spring through late summer, when consumption of fresh produce such as basil, cilantro, spinach, and berries is common. Previous outbreaks have been linked to fresh produce. Symptoms can include watery diarrhea, cramps, nausea, fatigue, and low-grade fever. Because Cyclospora is not included in standard stool testing and the incubation period is usually one to two weeks, some cases may go undiagnosed, and patients may not recall specific foods eaten before illness.
Cyclosporiasis is a nationally notifiable disease and is reportable in 47 states, the District of Columbia, and New York City. The illness can be treated with antibiotics. The CDC advises standard food safety practices, including thoroughly washing hands and produce, and recommends testing for people with prolonged diarrheal illness to identify and report cases.
